Julia
This is not a complete article: This is a draft, a work in progress that is intended to be published into an article, which may or may not be ready for inclusion in the main wiki. It should not necessarily be considered factual or authoritative.
Julia is a programming language that was designed from the beginning for performance, ease of use and portability. It is is available as a module on Compute Canada clusters.
Compiling packages
When compiling packages for Julia, files will normally be added to ~/.julia. However, you may run into problems if the package depends on system-provided libraries. For instance, JLD depends on a system-provided HDF5 library. On a personal computer, Julia attempts to install such a dependency using yum or apt with sudo. This will not work on a Compute Canada cluster; instead, some extra information must be provided to allow Julia's package manager (Pkg) to find the HDF5 library.
[hahn@gra-login2 ~]$ module load gcc/7.3.0 hdf5 julia/1.0.2
[hahn@gra-login2 ~]$ julia
julia> using Libdl
julia> push!(Libdl.DL_LOAD_PATH, ENV["HDF5_DIR"] * "/lib")
julia> using Pkg
julia> Pkg.add("JLD")
julia> using JLD
If we were to omit the Libdl.DL_LOAD_PATH line from the above example, it would happen to work on Graham because Graham has HDF5 installed system-wide. It would fail on Cedar because Cedar does not. The best practice on any Compute Canada system, though, is that shown above: Load the appropriate module first, and use the environment variable defined by the module (HDF5_DIR in this example) to extend Libdl.DL_LOAD_PATH. This will work uniformly on all systems.
Package files and storage quotas
In the example above, installing just the JLD package creates a ~/.julia tree with 18673 files and directories and using 236M of space, almost 5% of a standard user's quota for /home. It's worth remembering that installing a lot of packages will consume a lot of space.
Available Versions
We have removed earlier versions of Julia (< 1.0) because the old package manager was creating vast numbers of small files which in turn caused performance issues on the parallel file systems. Please start using Julia 1.0.2, or newer versions.
[name@server ~]$ module spider julia
--------------------------------------------------------
julia: julia/1.0.2
--------------------------------------------------------
[...]
You will need to load all module(s) on any one of the lines below before the "julia/1.0.2" module is available to load.
nixpkgs/16.09 gcc/7.3.0
[...]
[name@server ~]$ module load gcc/7.3.0 julia/1.0.2
Porting code from Julia 0.x to 1.x
In the summer of 2018 the Julia developers released version 1.0, in which they stabilized the language API and removed deprecated (outdated) functionality. To help updating Julia programs for version 1.0, the developers also released version 0.7.0 (which will soon be available as a module as well). Julia 0.7.0 contains all the new functionality of 1.0 as well as the outdated functionalities from 0.x versions, which will give deprecation warnings when used. Code that runs in Julia 0.7 without warnings should be compatible with Julia 1.0.