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For the purpose of this tutorial, we use several profilers as described below:  
For the purpose of this tutorial, we use two profilers as described below:  
* PGPROF - a powerful and simple analyzer for parallel programs written with OpenMP or OpenACC directives, or with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDA CUDA].
We note that [http://www.pgroup.com/support/download_pgi2016.php?view=current Portland Group Profiler] is free for academic usage.
* NVIDIA Visual Profiler NVVP - a cross-platform analyzing tool for the codes written with OpenACC and CUDA C/C++ instructions.
* NVIDIA Visual Profiler NVVP - a cross-platform analyzing tool for the codes written with OpenACC and CUDA C/C++ instructions.
* NVPROF - a command line text-based version of the NVIDIA Visual Profiler.
* NVPROF - a command line text-based version of the NVIDIA Visual Profiler.
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=== PGPROF Profiler  === <!--T:12-->
=== NVIDIA Visual Profiler === <!--T:13-->
[[File:Pgprof new0.png|thumbnail|300px|Starting a new PGPROF session|left  ]]
These next pictures demonstrate how to start with the PGPROF profiler. The first step is to initiate a new session.
Then, browse for an executable file of the code you want to profile.
Finally, specify the profiling options; for example, if you need to profile CPU activity then click the "Profile execution of the CPU" box.
 
=== NVIDIA Visual Profiler === <!--T:13-->


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[[File:Nvvp-pic0.png|thumbnail|300px|NVVP profiler|right]]
[[File:Nvvp-pic1.png|thumbnail|300px|Browse for the executable you want to profile|right]]
Another profiler available for OpenACC applications is the NVIDIA Visual Profiler. It's a crossplatform analyzing tool for code written with OpenACC and CUDA C/C++ instructions.
Another profiler available for OpenACC applications is the NVIDIA Visual Profiler. It's a crossplatform analyzing tool for code written with OpenACC and CUDA C/C++ instructions.
[[File:Nvvp-pic0.png|thumbnail|300px|NVVP profiler|right  ]]
[[File:Nvvp-pic1.png|thumbnail|300px|Browse for the executable you want to profile|right  ]]


=== NVIDIA NVPROF Command Line Profiler === <!--T:15-->
=== NVIDIA NVPROF Command Line Profiler === <!--T:15-->
NVIDIA also provides a command line version called NVPROF, similar to GPU prof
NVIDIA also provides a command line version called NVPROF, similar to GPU prof
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