Cloud Technical Glossary: Difference between revisions

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| The distributed data storage platform for our clouds; includes volume storage.
| The distributed data storage platform for our clouds; includes volume storage.
|-
|-
|'''[[Arbutus_CephFS|CephFS]]'''  
|'''[[Arbutus_CephFS|CephFS]]''' (Ceph File System)
| Ceph File System, or a file system with Ceph storage, which allows data sharing on multiple instances (virtual machines, VM). Currently only available in the Arbutus cloud. https://docs.ceph.com/en/latest/cephfs/
| A filesystem with Ceph storage, which allows data to be mounted simultaneously on multiple OpenStack instances. Currently only available with Arbutus. See https://docs.ceph.com/en/latest/cephfs/.
|-
|-
|'''cloud'''
|'''cloud'''
| A pool of hardware supporting virtualization. This can be thought of as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).  
| When referring to our cloud services, short form of ''IaaS cloud''.  
|-
|-
|'''compute cloud'''
|'''compute cloud'''
| An allocation type, corresponding to a cloud quota to use compute type flavors intended for instances (virtual machines, VMs) which will be running for a limited time and may require more CPUs or memory (RAM) during their entire lifespan. Flavors have labels beginning with “c”.
| Type of resource allocated to support OpenStack instances intended to run for a limited time, usually with a very high sustained usage of CPU and memory. Flavours for these resources have labels beginning with c*. Currently only available on Arbutus, Béluga and Cedar. Compare with ''persistent cloud''.
|-
|-
|'''[[CVMFS|CVMFS]]'''  
|'''[[CVMFS|CVMFS]]''' (CernVM File System)
|A distributed read-only content distribution system often used for managing software. https://docs.alliancecan.ca/wiki/CVMFS
|A read-only content distribution system often used to manage software.  
|-
|-
|'''ephemeral local disk'''
|'''ephemeral local disk'''
| Virtual disk which is created and destroyed along with an instance (virtual machine, VM). An ephemeral disk is created when a virtual machine is launched without the specification of a volume.
| Virtual disk which is created and destroyed along with an OpenStack instance. An ephemeral disk is created when an instance is launched without the specification of a volume.
|-
|-
|'''flavour'''  
|'''flavor'''  
|The [[OpenStack|OpenStack]] term for a predefined specification of the  compute, memory, and storage capacity of a new instance (virtual machine, VM).
|OpenStack term for a predefined specification of a new instance. A flavor can define sizes for RAM, disk, number of cores, and so on.
|-
|-
|'''floating IP'''
|'''floating IP'''
| An IP address that can be associated with an instance (virtual machine, VM) to allow external access.
| Internet Protocol address that can be associated with an OpenStack instance to allow external access.
|-
|-
|'''Horizon'''
|'''Horizon'''
| The dashboard for OpenStack clouds that can be used for viewing and managing a user's cloud resources. https://docs.openstack.org/horizon/latest/
| OpenStack cloud dashboard that is used for viewing and managing cloud resources through a Web browser. See https://docs.openstack.org/horizon/latest/.
|-
|-
|'''host'''  
|'''host'''  
|The physical resources supporting an instance (VM, virtual machine).
| Physical server supporting virtual machines.
|-
|-
|'''[[OpenStack/en#Working_with_images|image]]'''
|'''[[Working_with_images|image]]'''
| Short for "Virtual disk image". The cloud platform provides a set of prepared base operating system images. An image is used to create a new boot volume or ephemeral disk when launching a new instance.
| Image of a virtual disk used to create a new boot volume or ephemeral disk when creating an OpenStack instance.
|-
|-
|'''instance'''
|'''instance'''
| A virtual server in the cloud infrastructure. Also known as a Virtual Machine (VM).
| OpenStack virtual machines are called ''instances'', mostly because they are instances of an image that is created upon request and that is configured when the instance is launched.
|-
|-
|'''[[Using_ipv6_in_cloud|IPV6]]'''
|'''[[Using_ipv6_in_cloud|IPV6]]''' (Internet Protocol version 6)
| '''Internet Protocol version 6''', a communications protocol and successor to IPv4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6
| A communications protocol successor to IPv4. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6.
|-
|-
|'''[[Arbutus_Object_Storage|object storage]]'''
|'''[[Arbutus object storage|object storage]]'''
| Persistent storage space for large amounts of data. Typically read access only, e.g. images and data sets. Available on Arbutus cloud only. Offered as S3 and Swift protocols. Allocated in TB
| Object storage (or ''object-based storage'') is a storage type that manages data as objects, as opposed to other storage architectures like filesystems which manage data as a file hierarchy, and storage types where data is managed as blocks. Each object typically includes the data itself, a variable amount of metadata, and a globally unique identifier. Offered as S3 and Swift protocols. Allocated in TB. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_storage. Currently only available with Arbutus.
|-
|-
|'''[[OpenStack|OpenStack]]'''
|'''[[Managing_your_cloud_resources_with_OpenStack|OpenStack]]'''
| The software suite used on our clouds to control hardware resources such as computers, storage and networking.
| The software suite used on our clouds to control hardware resources such as computers, storage and networking.
|-
|-
|'''persistent cloud'''
|'''persistent cloud'''
| An allocation type for persistent instances (virtual machines, VMs) that are expected to run indefinitely and have low or bursty CPU requirements. Flavors have labels beginning with p*
| Allocation type for persistent virtual machines that are expected to run indefinitely and have low or bursty CPU requirements. Flavours for these resources have labels beginning with p*. Currently only available on Arbutus, Béluga and Cedar. Compare with ''compute cloud''.
|-
|-
|'''[https://alliancecan.ca/en/services/advanced-research-computing/research-portal/accessing-resources/resource-allocation-competitions RAC]'''  
|'''project'''
| Resource Allocation Competition. Program via which PIs can request storage and compute resources beyond what can be obtained via the Rapid Access Service (RAS).
| In our infrastructure, a project represents an allocation of cloud resources to a group or user. Sometimes referred to as ''tenant''.
|-
|-
|'''[https://alliancecan.ca/en/services/advanced-research-computing/research-portal/accessing-resources/rapid-access-service RAS]'''  
|'''[https://alliancecan.ca/en/services/advanced-research-computing/research-portal/accessing-resources/resource-allocation-competitions RAC]''' (Resource Allocation Competition)
|'''Rapid Access Service'''. Service by which Principal Investigators can request a modest amount of storage and cloud resources without having to apply to the RAC.
| Our program via which PIs can submit a request for storage and computer resources beyond what can be obtained via the Rapid Access Service (RAS). The requests are evaluated by a committee of peers.
|-
|-
|'''S3'''
|'''[https://alliancecan.ca/en/services/advanced-research-computing/research-portal/accessing-resources/rapid-access-service RAS]''' (Rapid Access Service)
|'''Simple Storage Service'''. A type of object storage. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_S3.
|Service by which Principal Investigators can request a modest amount of storage and cloud resources without having to apply to the RAC.
|-
|-
|'''[[OpenStack/en#Security_Groups|security group]]'''
|'''S3''' (Simple Storage Service)
| A group of rules controlling network traffic to and from an instance (virtual machine, VM). A security rule can be applied as a whole to one or more instances.
| A type of object storage. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_S3.
|-
|-
| service portal
|'''[[Managing_your_cloud_resources_with_OpenStack#Security_Groups|security group]]'''
| We host many research web portals which serve datasets or tools to a broad research community. These portals generally do not require large computing or storage resources, but may require support effort by our technical team. Groups applying for a service portal often use our clouds, generally require a public IP address, and may (or may not) have more stringent up-time requirements than most research projects.
| A set of security rules that control network traffic and can be applied as a whole to one or more instances.
|-
|-
| shared file system storage
| '''service portal'''
| Persistent storage space offered as a Unix-compliant file system that can be mounted across multiple hosts in a tenant. This is useful for sharing data across multiple hosts. Service runs on CephFS and requires either a Fuse driver (Windows/Linux) or the CephFS kernel driver (Linux) for access. Allocated in TB.
| Our infrastructure hosts many Web research portals which serve datasets or tools to a broad research community. These portals generally do not require large computing or storage resources, but may require support efforts from our technical team. Groups applying for a service portal often use our clouds, generally require a public IP address, and may have more stringent up-time requirements than most research projects.
|-
| '''shared filesystem'''
| Persistent storage space offered as a Unix-compliant filesystem that can be mounted across multiple hosts in a project. This is useful for sharing data across multiple hosts. Our service runs on CephFS and requires either a Fuse driver (Windows/Linux) or the CephFS kernel driver (Linux) for access. Allocated in TB.
|-
|-
|'''snapshot'''  
|'''snapshot'''  
| A copy of a volume that can be used as a backup or to launch another instance (virtual machine, VM).
| Copy of an OpenStack volume that can be used as a backup or to launch another instance.
|-
|-
|'''SSL'''
|'''SSL''' (Secure Sockets Layer)
| '''Secure Sockets Layer'''. A protocol to allow encrypted communications over networks. SSL is now deprecated, and should be replaced by TLS (Transport Layer Security) wherever possible.
| A protocol to allow encrypted communications over networks. SSL is obsolete and should be replaced by TLS (Transport Layer Security) wherever possible.
|-
|-
|'''[[Using_swift|SWIFT]]'''
|'''[[Using_swift|SWIFT]]'''
|Another type of object storage. https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Swift
| A type of object storage. See https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Swift.
|-
|-
|'''tenant'''  
|'''tenant'''
|A group or user's allocation of cloud resources (now called a Project).
| See '''project'''.
|-
|-
|'''TSL'''
|'''TSL''' (Transport Layer Security)
|'''Transport Layer Security'''. The successor of SSL (Secure Sockets Layer). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
| See '''SSL'''.
|-
|-
|'''VCPU'''
|'''vCPU''' (virtual central processing unit)
| '''Virtual central processing unit.''' An instance (virtual machine, VM) can have one or more CPUs assigned to it, each of which is seen as a single physical CPU core by the operating system.
| A vCPU represents a portion or share of the underlying, physical CPU that is assigned to a particular virtual machine.
|-
|-
|'''VGPU'''
|'''[[Using_cloud_vGPUs|vGPU]]''' (virtual graphics processing unit)
| '''Virtual graphics processing unit.''' An instance (virtual machine, VM) can have one or more VGPUs assigned to it.
| A virtual machine can have one or more vGPUs assigned to it. Each of them is seen as a GPU by the operating system. Additional configuration may be required for use.  
|-
|-
|'''virtual machine'''
|'''virtual machine'''
| See "instance."
| Virtual server in the cloud infrastructure. In OpenStack, active virtual machines are called ''instances''.
|-
|-
|'''[[OpenStack/en#Working_with_Volumes|volume]]'''
|'''[[Working_with_volumes|volume]]'''
| An allocation of storage resources that can be attached or detached to/from an instance (virtual machine, VM), exposed as a block device (a virtual disk)
| Storage resource that can be attached to or detached from an OpenStack instance, like a virtual disk.
|-
|-
| volume storage
| '''volume storage'''
| A persistent cloud storage type providing virtual disk functionality to virtual machines running in the cloud. Implemented with Ceph software. Allocated in GB.
| Type of persistent cloud storage providing virtual disk functionality to OpenStack instances running in the cloud. Implemented with Ceph software. Allocated in GB.
|}
|}
</translate>
</translate>
[[Category:CC-Cloud]]
[[Category:Cloud]]

Latest revision as of 20:48, 27 February 2023

Other languages:
Term Description
Apache HTTP Server A Web server software. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server.
CALM (cloud account lifecycle management) Our process for managing the allocation of cloud resources.
Ceph The distributed data storage platform for our clouds; includes volume storage.
CephFS (Ceph File System) A filesystem with Ceph storage, which allows data to be mounted simultaneously on multiple OpenStack instances. Currently only available with Arbutus. See https://docs.ceph.com/en/latest/cephfs/.
cloud When referring to our cloud services, short form of IaaS cloud.
compute cloud Type of resource allocated to support OpenStack instances intended to run for a limited time, usually with a very high sustained usage of CPU and memory. Flavours for these resources have labels beginning with c*. Currently only available on Arbutus, Béluga and Cedar. Compare with persistent cloud.
CVMFS (CernVM File System) A read-only content distribution system often used to manage software.
ephemeral local disk Virtual disk which is created and destroyed along with an OpenStack instance. An ephemeral disk is created when an instance is launched without the specification of a volume.
flavor OpenStack term for a predefined specification of a new instance. A flavor can define sizes for RAM, disk, number of cores, and so on.
floating IP Internet Protocol address that can be associated with an OpenStack instance to allow external access.
Horizon OpenStack cloud dashboard that is used for viewing and managing cloud resources through a Web browser. See https://docs.openstack.org/horizon/latest/.
host Physical server supporting virtual machines.
image Image of a virtual disk used to create a new boot volume or ephemeral disk when creating an OpenStack instance.
instance OpenStack virtual machines are called instances, mostly because they are instances of an image that is created upon request and that is configured when the instance is launched.
IPV6 (Internet Protocol version 6) A communications protocol successor to IPv4. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6.
object storage Object storage (or object-based storage) is a storage type that manages data as objects, as opposed to other storage architectures like filesystems which manage data as a file hierarchy, and storage types where data is managed as blocks. Each object typically includes the data itself, a variable amount of metadata, and a globally unique identifier. Offered as S3 and Swift protocols. Allocated in TB. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_storage. Currently only available with Arbutus.
OpenStack The software suite used on our clouds to control hardware resources such as computers, storage and networking.
persistent cloud Allocation type for persistent virtual machines that are expected to run indefinitely and have low or bursty CPU requirements. Flavours for these resources have labels beginning with p*. Currently only available on Arbutus, Béluga and Cedar. Compare with compute cloud.
project In our infrastructure, a project represents an allocation of cloud resources to a group or user. Sometimes referred to as tenant.
RAC (Resource Allocation Competition) Our program via which PIs can submit a request for storage and computer resources beyond what can be obtained via the Rapid Access Service (RAS). The requests are evaluated by a committee of peers.
RAS (Rapid Access Service) Service by which Principal Investigators can request a modest amount of storage and cloud resources without having to apply to the RAC.
S3 (Simple Storage Service) A type of object storage. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_S3.
security group A set of security rules that control network traffic and can be applied as a whole to one or more instances.
service portal Our infrastructure hosts many Web research portals which serve datasets or tools to a broad research community. These portals generally do not require large computing or storage resources, but may require support efforts from our technical team. Groups applying for a service portal often use our clouds, generally require a public IP address, and may have more stringent up-time requirements than most research projects.
shared filesystem Persistent storage space offered as a Unix-compliant filesystem that can be mounted across multiple hosts in a project. This is useful for sharing data across multiple hosts. Our service runs on CephFS and requires either a Fuse driver (Windows/Linux) or the CephFS kernel driver (Linux) for access. Allocated in TB.
snapshot Copy of an OpenStack volume that can be used as a backup or to launch another instance.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) A protocol to allow encrypted communications over networks. SSL is obsolete and should be replaced by TLS (Transport Layer Security) wherever possible.
SWIFT A type of object storage. See https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Swift.
tenant See project.
TSL (Transport Layer Security) See SSL.
vCPU (virtual central processing unit) A vCPU represents a portion or share of the underlying, physical CPU that is assigned to a particular virtual machine.
vGPU (virtual graphics processing unit) A virtual machine can have one or more vGPUs assigned to it. Each of them is seen as a GPU by the operating system. Additional configuration may be required for use.
virtual machine Virtual server in the cloud infrastructure. In OpenStack, active virtual machines are called instances.
volume Storage resource that can be attached to or detached from an OpenStack instance, like a virtual disk.
volume storage Type of persistent cloud storage providing virtual disk functionality to OpenStack instances running in the cloud. Implemented with Ceph software. Allocated in GB.

HyperText Transfer Protocol

Rapid Access Service

Resource Allocation Competition

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