Arbutus : Clients pour le stockage objet
Nous décrivons ici la configuration et l’utilisation de deux clients souvent employés pour le stockage objet sur Arbutus, s3cmd et WinSCP. Pour plus d’information sur le stockage, voyez la page Stockage objet sur Arbutus.
Il faut noter que la solution de stockage objet sur Arbutus n'utilise pas l’approche S3 Virtual Hosting d’Amazon avec des buckets DNS, contrairement à s3cmd et WinSCP qui l’offrent par défaut.
s3cmd
Installation
Dépendant de votre distribution Linux, la commande s3cmd peut être installée avec les commandes yum (RHEL, CentOS) ou apt</code (Debian, Ubuntu) suivantes :
$ sudo yum install s3cmd
$ sudo apt install s3cmd
Configuration
Pour configurer l’outil s3cmd, lancez la commande
Configurez ensuite s3cmd à l’aide des clés que l’équipe Arbutus vous a fournies :
Enter new values or accept defaults in brackets with Enter.
Refer to user manual for detailed description of all options.
Access key and Secret key are your identifiers for Amazon S3. Leave them empty for using the env variables.
Access Key []: 20_DIGIT_ACCESS_KEY
Secret Key []: 40_DIGIT_SECRET_KEY
Default Region [US]:
Use "s3.amazonaws.com" for S3 Endpoint and not modify it to the target Amazon S3.
S3 Endpoint []: object-arbutus.cloud.computecanada.ca
Use "%(bucket)s.s3.amazonaws.com" to the target Amazon S3. "%(bucket)s" and "%(location)s" vars can be used
if the target S3 system supports dns based buckets.
DNS-style bucket+hostname:port template for accessing a bucket []: object-arbutus.cloud.computecanada.ca
Encryption password is used to protect your files from reading
by unauthorized persons while in transfer to S3
Encryption password []: PASSWORD
Path to GPG program []: /usr/bin/gpg
When using secure HTTPS protocol all communication with Amazon S3
servers is protected from 3rd party eavesdropping. This method is
slower than plain HTTP, and can only be proxied with Python 2.7 or newer
Use HTTPS protocol []: Yes
On some networks all internet access must go through a HTTP proxy.
Try setting it here if you can't connect to S3 directly
HTTP Proxy server name:
Creation de buckets
La prochaine étape est celle de la création des buckets. Les buckets contiennent des fichiers. Les noms des buckets doivent être uniques à travers la solution complète de stockage objet; il faut alors donner à chaque bucket un nom unique qui est différent de tous ceux créés par les autres utilisateurs; il est fort probable par exemple que les buckets s3://test/ et s3://data/ existent déjà. Vous pourriez choisir des noms significatifs comme s3://def-test-bucket1 ou s3://atlas_project_bucket. Les noms valides contiennent seulement des caractères majuscules ou minuscules, des chiffres, le point, le tiret et le trait de soulignement (soit A-Z, a-z, 0-9, ., -, et_ ).
Pour créer un bucket, lancez la commande mb (pour make bucket)
$ s3cmd mb s3://BUCKET_NAME/
To see the status of a bucket, use the info command:
$ s3cmd info s3://BUCKET_NAME/
Le résultat sera semblable à ceci :
s3://BUCKET_NAME/ (bucket):
Location: default
Payer: BucketOwner
Expiration Rule: none
Policy: none
CORS: none
ACL: *anon*: READ
ACL: USER: FULL_CONTROL
URL: http://object-arbutus.cloud.computecanada.ca/BUCKET_NAME/
Upload files
To upload a file to the bucket, use the put command similar to this:
$ s3cmd put --guess-mime-type FILE_NAME.dat s3://BUCKET_NAME/FILE_NAME.dat
Where the bucket name and the file name are specified. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) is a mechanism for handling files based on their type. The --guess-mime-type command parameter will guess the MIME type based on the file extension. The default MIME type is binary/octet-stream.
Delete File
To delete a file from the bucket, use the rm command similar to this:
$ s3cmd rm s3://BUCKET_NAME/FILE_NAME.dat
ACLs and Policies
Buckets can have Access Control Lists (ACLs) and policies which govern who can access what resources in the object store. These features are quite sophisticated. Here are two simple examples of using ACLs using the tool's setacl command.
$ s3cmd setacl --acl-public -r s3://BUCKET_NAME/
The result of this command is that the public can access the bucket and recursively (-r) every file in the bucket. Files can be accessed via URLs such as
https://object-arbutus.cloud.computecanada.ca/BUCKET_NAME/FILE_NAME.dat
The second ACL example limits access to the bucket to only the owner:
$ s3cmd setacl --acl-private s3://BUCKET_NAME/
Other more sophisticated examples can be found in the s3cmd help site or s3cmd(1) man page.
WinSCP
Installing WinSCP
WinSCP can be installed from https://winscp.net/.
Configuring WinSCP
Under "New Session", make the following configurations:
- File protocol: Amazon S3
- Host name: object-arbutus.cloud.computecanada.ca
- Port number: 443
- Access key ID: 20_DIGIT_ACCESS_KEY provided by the Arbutus team
and "Save" these settings as shown below
Next, click on the "Edit" button and then click on "Advanced..." and navigate to "Environment" to "S3" to "Protocol options" to "URL style:" which must changed from "Virtual Host" to "Path" as shown below:
This "Path" setting is important, otherwise WinSCP will not work and you will see hostname resolution errors, like this:
Using WinSCP
Click on the "Login" button and use the WinSCP GUI to create buckets and to transfer files:
ACLs and Policies
Unfortunately, as of version 5.19 WinSCP is not capable of managing object storage ACLs or Policies.