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=Pitfalls=
=Pitfalls=
==The <tt>volatile</tt> keyword==
==The <tt>volatile</tt> keyword==
The reader should note that <tt>volatile</tt> in C and C++ have very specific meanings, e.g., see [http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/cv this page]. Needing to use <tt>volatile</tt> in C/C++ code is a rare event. Within high-performance computing code, <tt>volatile</tt> in rare instances might be used to declare a variable in order tell the compiler to not optimize away load/store side-effects from/to that variable. That said, '''never''' use volatile for synchronization: use C11/C++11 atomics, locks, etc. instead. Finally, know <tt>volatile</tt> in other programming languages, e.g., Java, is often different than in C/C++. Typically the latter would be implemented in C/C++ using synchronization constructs.
The reader should note that <tt>volatile</tt> in C and C++ have very specific meanings, e.g., see [http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/cv this page]. Needing to use <tt>volatile</tt> in C/C++ code is a rare event. Within high-performance computing code, <tt>volatile</tt> in rare instances might be used to declare a variable in order tell the compiler to not optimize away load/store side-effects from/to that variable. That said, '''never''' use volatile for synchronization: instead, use C11/C++11 atomic operations and locks, etc. Finally, know <tt>volatile</tt> in other programming languages, e.g., Java, is often different than in C/C++. Typically the latter would be implemented in C/C++ using synchronization constructs.


==Compilers==
==Compilers==
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