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Apptainer: Difference between revisions
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==<code>sudo</code>== | ==<code>sudo</code>== | ||
Many users ask about <code>sudo</code> since documentation and web sites often discuss using <code>sudo</code>. Know the ability to use <code>sudo</code> to obtain superuser/root permissions | Many users ask about <code>sudo</code> since documentation and web sites often discuss using <code>sudo</code>. Know the ability to use <code>sudo</code> to obtain superuser/root permissions is not available on our clusters. Should you require using <code>sudo</code>, consider the following options: | ||
* Install Linux, Apptainer, and <code>sudo</code> in a virtual machine on a system you control so you will be able to have <code>sudo</code> access within such. Build your image(s) on that machine and upload them in order to use them on Alliance systems. | * Install Linux, Apptainer, and <code>sudo</code> in a virtual machine on a system you control so you will be able to have <code>sudo</code> access within such. Build your image(s) on that machine and upload them in order to use them on Alliance systems. | ||
* If appropriate, [[Technical Support|submit a ticket]] asking if Alliance staff would be able to help build the image(s), etc. required needing <code>sudo</code>. (Understand that this may or may not be done/possible --but feel free to ask such in a ticket if what you wish to achieve is beyond your means. Additionally, we may respond with other ways to achieve such with may or may not involve Apptainer.) | * If appropriate, [[Technical Support|submit a ticket]] asking if Alliance staff would be able to help build the image(s), etc. required needing <code>sudo</code>. (Understand that this may or may not be done/possible --but feel free to ask such in a ticket if what you wish to achieve is beyond your means. Additionally, we may respond with other ways to achieve such with may or may not involve Apptainer.) | ||
* Apptainer version 1.1.x has improved support for users using <code>--fakeroot</code> implicitly and explicitly so some things may be possible that were not with Apptainer version 1.0 and Singularity. This includes being able to build some images from <code>.def</code> definition files and building some images without needing to use <code>sudo</code>. That said, | * Apptainer version 1.1.x and newer has improved support for users using <code>--fakeroot</code> implicitly and explicitly so some things may be possible that were not with Apptainer version 1.0 and Singularity. This includes being able to build some images from <code>.def</code> definition files and building some images without needing to use <code>sudo</code>. That said, not all images will be able to be built without needing to use <code>sudo</code> or superuser/root. | ||
==When Building Images/Overlays== | ==When Building Images/Overlays== | ||